Ulwazi lwakamuva: Ukusetshenziswa kwe-graphite powder ekuhlolweni kwenuzi

Ukulimala kwemisebe ye-graphite powder kunomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwezobuchwepheshe nezomnotho kwe-reactor, ikakhulukazi umbhede wamatshe okushisa okushisa okuphezulu kwegesi epholile. Indlela yokulinganisa i-neutron wukuhlakazeka okunwebekayo kwama-neutron nama-athomu ezinto ezilinganisayo, futhi amandla athwalwa yiwo adluliselwa kuma-athomu wento elinganisayo. I-graphite powder iphinde ibe yikhandidethi elithembisayo lezinto ezigxile ku-plasma zama-reactors e-nuclear fusion. Abahleli abalandelayo abavela ku-Fu Ruite bethula ukusetshenziswa kwe-graphite powder ekuhlolweni kwenuzi:

Ngokukhula kwe-neutron fluence, i-graphite powder kuqala iyancipha, futhi ngemva kokufinyelela inani elincane, i-shrinkage iyancipha, ibuyele kusayizi wokuqala, bese ikhula ngokushesha. Ukuze kusetshenziswe ngempumelelo ama-neutron akhishwe yi-fission, kufanele ehliswe ijubane. Izakhiwo ezishisayo ze-graphite powder zitholakala ngokuhlolwa kwe-irradiation, futhi izimo zokuhlola i-irradiation kufanele zifane nezimo zangempela zokusebenza ze-reactor. Esinye isinyathelo sokuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-neutron ukusebenzisa izinto ezikhanyayo ukukhombisa ama-neutron avuzayo ku-nuclear fission reaction zone-core back. Indlela ye-neutron reflection iphinde ihlakazeke nokunwebeka kwama-neutron nama-athomu ezinto ezikhanyayo. Ukuze ulawule ukulahlekelwa okubangelwa ukungcola ezingeni elivumelekile, i-graphite powder esetshenziswe ku-reactor kufanele ibe i-nuclear pure.

I-Nuclear graphite powder iyigatsha lezinto ze-graphite powder ezakhiwe ngokuphendula izidingo zokwakha ama-nuclear fission reactors ekuqaleni kwawo-1940. Isetshenziswa njengemodareyitha, izinto zokubonisa kanye nezakhiwo kuma-reactors okukhiqiza, ama-reactor apholile ngegesi kanye nama-high-temperature apholile ngegesi. Amathuba okuthi i-neutron iphendule ne-nucleus ibizwa ngokuthi yi-cross section, kanti i-neutron eshisayo (amandla aphakathi kuka-0.025eV) ne-fission cross section ka-U-235 ingamabanga amabili aphezulu kune-fission neutron (amandla aphakathi kuka-2eV) ne-fission cross section. . I-elastic modulus, amandla kanye ne-linear yokwandisa i-coefficient ye-graphite powder ikhula ngokunyuka kwe-neutron fluence, ifinyelele inani elikhulu, bese iyancipha ngokushesha. Ekuqaleni kwawo-1940, i-graphite powder kuphela yayitholakala ngenani elithengekayo eduze nalokhu kuhlanzeka, yingakho zonke i-reactor kanye nama-reactors okukhiqiza alandelayo asebenzisa i-graphite powder njengento yokulinganisa, engenisa inkathi yenuzi.

Isihluthulelo sokwenza i-isotropic graphite powder ukusebenzisa izinhlayiya ze-coke nge-isotropy enhle: i-coke ye-isotropic noma i-coke yesibili ye-macro-isotropic eyenziwe nge-anisotropic coke, kanye nobuchwepheshe be-coke yesibili ngokuvamile busetshenziswa njengamanje. Ubukhulu bomonakalo wemisebe buhlobene nezinto ezingavuthiwe ze-graphite powder, inqubo yokukhiqiza, i-neutron fluence esheshayo kanye nesilinganiso sokushelela, izinga lokushisa le-irradiation nezinye izici. I-boron elingana ne-nuclear graphite powder idingeka ukuthi ibe ngu-10~6.


Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-18-2022